Unfortunately, misinformation (inaccurate information) and disinformation (intentionally inaccurate information) are increasingly prevalent across the various forms of media, particularly online.  A short article was published in 2020, providing evidence that countries vary in their resilience towards disinformation.  One relevant feature is that citizens within countries with well funded independent public broadcasters are less susceptible to disinformation.

If interested, click on the following - Edda Humprecht (2020) Why resilience to online disinformation varies between countries.